IAHR / IWA Joint Committee on Marine Outfall Systems

International Association of Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research

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If you like to contribute a link, please send your proposals to outfalls@ifh.uni-karlsruhe.de  

Committee

• Constitution (pdf)

• Mailing List

• Database of parameters from existing outfalls. Input and output possible

Conferences

    Upcoming International Symposium on Outfall Systems in Mar del Plata, Argentina, 15.-18.5.2011 (call for papers (also available in Spanish), symposium webpage)

    Past conferences:

• "Advanced Study Institute on Recent Developments in Nearshore Coastal Water Quality Research: Prediction, Hydro-biological Interactions and Management", The University of Hong Kong, December 14 – 19, 2009

• "Techonological Advances in the Design and Control of Desalination Discharges into the Sea" 5-6 October, 2009: Valencia, Spain http://www.proyectoasdeco.com/

• 5th International Conference on Marine Waste Water Discharges and Coastal Environment - MWWD 2008 - : www.mwwd.org

• 4th International Conference on Marine Waste Water Discharges and Environment - MWWD 2006 - : www.mwwd.org

• The 31st Congress of International Association of Hydraulic Engineering & Research - Water Engineering for the Future - Choices and Challanges, 25-30 Sept. 2005, Seoul, Korea, including an outfalls workshop

• XXI Congresso Latinoamericano de Hidráulica, 18.-22.10.04, Sao Pedro, Brazil, including a Keynote on outfalls

• 4th International Symposium on Environmental Hydraulics 15.-18. Dec., 2004, The University of Hong Kong

• Workshop: Submarine Outfalls: Design Considerations and Environmental Performance Monitoring, 1.-3.12.03, Sao Paulo, Brazil

• XXX IAHR Congress, 24.-29. August 2003, Thessaloniki, Greece, Including a short course on "Design and Construction of Sea Outfalls"

• 3rd International Conference on Marine Waste Water Discharges and Environment - MWWD 2004 - : www.mwwd.org, September 27 - October 2, 2004, Catania, Italien

• 2nd International Conference on Marine Waste Water Discharges - MWWD 2002 - : http://www.mwwd.org

• 1st International Conference on Marine Waste Water Discharges - MWWD 2000 - : http://www.mwwd.org

Capacity building

• International short course before ISEH: "Modeling and Design of Sea Outfalls for wastewater, cooling water and desalination plant discharges", Athens, Greece, June 21-22, 2010

Decision making

• Vital Water Graphics - An overview of the Worlds fresh and marine waters from the United Nations Environment Programme

• WHO - Water and Sanitation Pages

• CEPIS - Panamerican Centre of Sanitary and environmental science

• Medcoast

• Watermark

• Sewage disposal of coastal cities submarine outfalls

• Ocean Outfall option for Christchurch City

• Slideshow for Community involvement - education

• Community action - city action

• Clean Water Action Plan: Coastal Research and Monitoring Strategy, US EPA, 2000

• Example for Regulatory Mixing Zone (Montana, USA)

Models

• Coastal Guide: list of models

• Surface model collection from the US-EPA

• U.S. Geological Survey (USGS): Impact predictions of Bostons Sewage Outfall, Massachusetts Bay Program, Woodshole Modeling

• Internet presentation on modeling issues, applications, comparisons and evaluations (Orange County, California)

• Ocean Circulation and Plume Dispersion Modeling Review (pdf-file), with Emphasis on Orange County Sanitation District's Offshore Outfall and Wastewater Plume

• BrineDis - Modeling framework for Desalination plant discharges

    Mixing Models

• CORMIX is a USEPA-approved simulation and decision support system for environmental impact assessment of mixing zones resulting from continuous point source discharges. The system emphasizes the role of boundary interaction to predict mixing behavior and plume geometry.

• Visual Plumes is Windows software for simulating jets and plumes and for assisting in the preparation of mixing zone analyses, TMDLs, and other water quality applications.

• VISJET is a general interactive computer modelling system that predicts the impact of an effluent discharge into the water environment.

    Ocean circulation models

• SisBahia (brazilian) is an integrated modelling system for waste discharges

• Delft3D is an integrated modelling environment for Hydrodynamics, Waves, Sediment transport, Morphology, Water quality and Ecology and can be used especially for far-field computations of the waste-field.

• Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI): Modeling Software

• Ocean Circulation Modeling at Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences at Rutgers University

• Naval research laboratory modeling products

• Ocean circulation model listing

Monitoring

• Life Aquarius: Outfall monitoring

• Some Monitoring results from Scotland

• Outfall Monitoring Science Advisory Panel

• Planning, monitoring and Impact predictions of Bostons Sewage Outfall

• South Bay Ocean Outfall, Mexico

• Monitoring Outfall Sediments

• City of Astoria - Outfall Monitoring Stations (and others)

• Remote Sensing using Landsat for a heated effluent discharge

• Multibeam bathymetric map of outfall

• Wildwood, New Jersey Outfall discharge monitoring

• Environmental Studies on anthropogenic discharges into the coastal environment

• CETESB - Brazilian environmental agency of Sao Paulo State

References

• Carvalho, J.L.B., Roberts, P.J.W. and Roldao, J., 2002, "Field Observations of Ipanema Beach Outfall", Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 128, No. 2, 151-160

• Fischer, H.B., List, E.J., Koh, R.C.Y., Imberger, J. and Brooks, N.H., 1979, “Mixing in Inland and  Coastal Waters",  Academic Press, New York

• Grace, R.A., "Marine Outfall Systems, planning, design, and construction", Department of Civil Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey ISBN 0-13-556951-6, 1978

• Gunnerson, C.G., "Wastewater Management for Coastal Cities: The Ocean Disposal Option", World Bank Technical Paper Number 77, February 1988, pdf: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDS_IBank_Servlet?pcont=details&eid=000178830_98101904165665

• Workshop during the 31st Congress of International Association of Hydraulik Engineering & Research - Water Engineering for the Future - Choices and Challanges, 25-30 Sept. 2005, Seoul, Korea, including workshop: "Design of Ocean Outfalls for Heated Water and Wastewater Discharges". Workshop literature Ressources.

• Jirka G. H., Bleninger T., Burrows R., and Larsen T., 2004, “Environmental Quality Standards in the EC-Water Framework Directive: Consequences for Water Pollution Control for Point Sources”, European Water Management Online (EWMO), http://www.ewpca.de/journal/online.htm 

• Jirka, G. H., Abraham, G., and Harleman, D. R. F.: 1975, An Assessment of Techniques for Hydrothermal Prediction, Massachusetts Institute of Technology for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

• Jirka, G.H. and Lee, J. H.-W., "Waste Disposal in the Ocean", in "Water Quality and its Control", Vol. 5 of Hydraulic Structures Design Manual, M. Hino (Ed.), Balkema, Rotterdam, 1994

• Jirka, G.H., "Thermal Discharges into Unsteady Ambient Conditions: Predictive Models and Regulatory Issues", Issues and Directions in Hydraulics, T. Nakato and R. Ettema, Ed.s, Balkema, 1996

• Jirka, G.H., 2004, "Integral Model for Turbulent Buoyant Jets in Unbounded Stratified Flows, Part 1: The Single Round Jet", Environmental Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 4, 1-556

• Jirka, G.H., and Doneker, R.L., 2003, Discussion of “Field Observation of Ipanema Beach Outfall” by J.L.B. Carvalho, P.J.W. Roberts and J. Roldao, J. Hydraulic Engineering, Vol.129, 10, 823-6

• Jirka, G.H., Doneker, R.L. and Hinton, S.W., 1996, "User’s Manual for CORMIX: A Hydrodynamic Mixing Zone Model and Decision Support System for Pollutant Discharges into Surface Waters", U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Tech. Rep., Environmental Research Lab, Athens, Georgia, USA

• “MWWD Collection” DVD [ISBN 9944-5566-1-0], including the proceedings of MWWD 2000 (Genova, I), 2002 (Istanbul, TR), 2004 and the 2004 Short Courses (Catania, I) MWWD 2006 (Antalya, TR) - Proceedings DVD [ISBN 9944-5566-2-9], (further information and order through www.MWWD.org)

• National Research Council, "Managing Wastewater in Coastal Urban Areas", National Academy Press, Washington D.C., 1993

• Ragas, A.M.J., 2000, „Uncertainty in Environmental Quality Standards“, Doctoral dissertation, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands

• Ragas, A.M.J., Hams, J.L.M., and Leuven, R.S.E.W., 1997, „Selecting water quality models for discharge permitting“, European Water Pollution Control, 7(5), 59-67

• Philip J. W. Roberts, Henry J. Salas, Fred M. Reiff, Menahem Libhaber, Alejandro Labbe, James C. Thomson, "Marine Wastewater Outfalls and Treatment Systems"

• Roberts, P.J.W., 1985, “Model of dispersion in coastal waters”, J. of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 111(1), 12-27

• Roberts, P.J.W., 1999, “Modeling Mamala Bay Outfall Plumes. I. Near Field. II: Far Field, J. Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 125, No.6.

• Roberts, P.J.W., Snyder, W.H. and Baumgartner D.J., 1989a, “Ocean outfalls I, Submerged wastefield formation”, J. Hydraulic Engineering, 115, 1-25

• Roberts, P.J.W., Snyder, W.H. and Baumgartner D.J., 1989b, “Ocean outfalls II, Spatial evolution of sub-merged wastefiled”, J. Hydraulic Engineering, 115, 26-48

• Roberts, P.J.W., Snyder, W.H. and Baumgartner D.J., 1989c, “Ocean outfalls III, Effect of diffuser design on submerged wastefield”, J. Hydraulic Engineering, 115, 49-70

• Telford. T. "Long sea outfalls", Proceedings of the conference held in Glasgow 19-21 October 1988, organized by the Institution of Civil Engineers, Co-sponsored by the Water Research Centre, ISBN 072771516 X, London, 1989

• UNEP, 2004, “Guidelines on Municipal Wastewater Management”, Version 3, http://www.gpa.unep.org/documents/wastewater/Guidelines_Municipal_Wastewater_Mgnt%20version3.pdf 

• UNEP, United Nations Environment Programme, "Guidelines for submarine outfall structures for Mediterranean small and medium-sized coastal communities", MAP Technical Reports Series No. 112, ISBN 92-807-1618-2Athens, 1996

• Williams, B.L., "Ocean Outfall Handbook", National Water and Soil Conservation Authority, Water&Soil Miscellaneous publication number 76, ISSN 0110-4705, Wellington 1985

• Wood I.R., Bell R.G., Wilkinson D.L., "Ocean disposal of wastewater", ISBN 981-02-0956-8, 1993

• WRc, "Design Guide for Marine Treatment Schemes", Water Research Centre plc., Swindon, 1990